Redlining, adequacy, and schools on Florida's First Coast

Duval and St. Johns counties. 1937 HOLC grades over NECM adequacy gaps, with every public school from the 2024–25 CCD.

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Schools (sized by enrollment) Include charter schools HOLC 1937 security grades NECM adequacy gap (district) Interstates

A · Best B · Still desirable C · Declining D · Hazardous

NECM adequacy,

District	Actual	Required	Gap

−$6,0000+$1,000

Per-pupil current spending minus the spending the National Education Cost Model predicts is needed to reach U.S. average test-score outcomes. Shaded counties outside Duval and St. Johns are shown for context.

Sources

HOLC polygons: Mapping Inequality, University of Richmond. The Jacksonville survey map is dated 1937; there is no separate 1939 Jacksonville map in that collection.

Adequacy: SFID District Cost Database 2026 (v6), ppcstot, predcost, fundinggap, latest year 2023.

Schools: NCES CCD 2024–25 directory and membership (v1a); locations from EDGE public school geocodes 2024–25. Race shares exclude adult education.

Income-to-poverty ratio: NCES EDGE School Neighborhood Poverty (SIDE) estimates, ACS 2018–2022, for 2021–22 schools, the newest release. Schools opened since then have no estimate and show as hollow dots.